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C# Winform cilent call SignalR

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一、SignalR是什么

Asp.net SignalR是微软为实现实时通信的一个类库。一般情况下,SignalR会使用JavaScript的长轮询(long polling)的方式来实现客户端和服务器通信,随着Html5中WebSockets出现,SignalR也支持WebSockets通信。另外SignalR开发的程序不仅仅限制于宿主在IIS中,也可以宿主在任何应用程序,包括控制台,客户端程序和Windows服务等,另外还支持Mono,这意味着它可以实现跨平台部署在Linux环境下。

SignalR内部有两类对象:

Http持久连接(Persisten Connection)对象:用来解决长时间连接的功能。还可以由客户端主动向服务器要求数据,而服务器端不需要实现太多细节,只需要处理PersistentConnection 内所提供的五个事件:OnConnected, OnReconnected, OnReceived, OnError 和 OnDisconnect 即可。

Hub(集线器)对象:用来解决实时(realtime)信息交换的功能,服务端可以利用URL来注册一个或多个Hub,只要连接到这个Hub,就能与所有的客户端共享发送到服务器上的信息,同时服务端可以调用客户端的脚本。

SignalR将整个信息的交换封装起来,客户端和服务器都是使用JSON来沟通的,在服务端声明的所有Hub信息,都会生成JavaScript输出到客户端,.NET则依赖Proxy来生成代理对象,而Proxy的内部则是将JSON转换成对象。

二、为什么要用SignalR

聊天室,如在线客服系统,IM系统等

消息的实时推送服务

巡更人员位置的实时推送

 

 

 

1. server     -------- 创建一个MVC 项目,选择新建的项目,右击-->选择管理NuGet程序包-->搜索 signalr--> 安装Microsoft ASP.NET SignalR

新建启动程序 Startup.cs

在类中添加代码:

  1. app.MapSignalR();

在集线器类ChatHub.cs中添加如下代码


using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace ChatServer {     public class ChatHub : Hub     {         public void Hello()         {             //Clients.All.hello();             //Clients.All.AddMsg();         }             /// <summary>         /// 供客户端调用的服务器端代码         /// </summary>         /// <param name="message"></param>         public void Send(string name,string message)         {             // 调用所有客户端的sendMessage方法             Clients.All.sendMessage(name, message);             Trace.WriteLine("调用所有客户端的sendMessage方法");           }           /// <summary>         /// 客户端连接的时候调用         /// </summary>         /// <returns></returns>         public override Task OnConnected()         {             Trace.WriteLine("客户端连接成功");             return base.OnConnected();         }       } }


 

 

 

2. 客户端(winform)

 


using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Net.Http; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; using Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.Client; namespace ChatClient {     public partial class Form1 : Form     {         public Form1()         {             InitializeComponent();             Text = "Test SignalR";             FormClosing += Form1_FormClosing;         }               public IHubProxy HubProxy { get; set; }         const string ServerURI = "https://localhost:44306/";//ServerURI = "https://localhost:44306/signalr";         public HubConnection Connection { get; set; }               /// <summary>         /// Creates and connects the hub connection and hub proxy. This method         /// is called asynchronously         /// </summary>         private async void ConnectAsync()         {             Connection = new HubConnection(ServerURI);             Connection.Closed += ShowConnectionClosed;             HubProxy = Connection.CreateHubProxy("ChatHub");             //Handle incoming event from server: use Invoke to write to console from SignalR's thread             HubProxy.On<string, string>("sendMessage", (name, message) =>                      {                        this.Invoke(                            new Action(() =>                            {                                RichTextBoxConsole.AppendText(String.Format("{0}: {1}\r", name, message));                            }                            ));                    }             );               try             {                 await Connection.Start();             }             catch (HttpRequestException)             {                 Text = "Unable to connect to server: Start server before connecting clients.";                 //No connection: Don't enable Send button or show chat UI                 return;             }               TextBoxMessage.Focus();             RichTextBoxConsole.AppendText("Connected to server at " + ServerURI + "\r");         }         private void CloseConnection()         {             if (Connection != null)             {                 Connection.Stop();                 Connection.Dispose();             }         }           /// <summary>         /// If the server is stopped, the connection will time out after 30 seconds (default), and the         /// Closed event will fire.         /// </summary>         private void ShowConnectionClosed()         {             RichTextBoxConsole.AppendText("You have been disconnected.\r\n");         }           private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             RichTextBoxConsole.AppendText("Connecting to server...");             ConnectAsync();         }         private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             if (Connection.State == Microsoft.AspNet.SignalR.Client.ConnectionState.Disconnected)             {                 ShowConnectionClosed();                 return;             }             HubProxy.Invoke("Send", "Client wgscd", TextBoxMessage.Text);             TextBoxMessage.Text = String.Empty;             TextBoxMessage.Focus();         }         private void btnDisconnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             CloseConnection();         }         private void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)         {             CloseConnection();         }              } }


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