//程序 1 //This program correctly averages 3 test scores. #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> using namespace std; int main() { int scorel, score2, score3; double average; //Get the three test scores cout << "Enter 3 test scores and I will average them: "; cin >> scorel >> score2 >> score3; // Calculate and display the average score average = (scorel + score2 + score3) / 3.0; cout << fixed << showpoint << setprecision(1); cout << "Your average is " << average << endl; // If the average equals 100, congratulate the user if (average == 100) { cout << "Congratulations ! "; cout << "That's a perfect score!\n"; } return 0; }
程序第1次输出结果:
Enter 3 test scores and I will average them: 80 90 70
Your average is 80.0
程序第2次输出结果:
Enter 3 test scores and I will average them: 100 100 100
Your average is 100.0
Congratulations! That's a perfect score!
if (average == 100) { cout << "Congratulations!"; cout << "That's a perfect score!\n"; }需要注意的是,有条件执行的语句块被大括号包围。当两个或多个动作与 if 语句关联时,这是必需的。如果只有一个语句被有条件地执行,则可以省略大括号。
if (average == 100) cout << "Congratulations ! That's a perfect score ! \n";当然,有些教师更喜欢让学生总是使用大括号包围有条件执行的块,即使它只包含一个语句也是如此。
// This program uses the modulus operator to determine // if a number is odd or even. If the number is evenly divisible // by 2, it is an even number. A remainder indicates it is odd. #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int number; cout << "Enter an integer and I will tell you if it is odd or even: "; cin >> number; if (number % 2 == 0) cout << number << " is even.\n"; else cout << number << " is odd.\n"; return 0; }程序输出结果
Enter an integer and I will tell you if it is odd or even: 17
17 is odd.
number%2
不等于 0 时,会显示一条消息,指示号码为奇数。请注意,该程序将只釆用 if-else 语句中的两条路径之一。如果将计算机程序中的语句视为走在路上的脚步,那么 if-else 语句则可以视为道路中的分叉。它导致程序的执行只能按照两条分叉道路中的一条来走。
if天气很冷,那就穿一件棉衣;
else, if 天气只是有点凉,那就穿一件夹克;
else, if 有点起风,那就穿一件风衣;
else, if 天气很热,那就不要穿外套。
#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { // Create named constants to hold minimum // scores required for each letter grade. const int MIN_A_SCORE = 90, MIN_B_SCORE = 80, MIN_C_SCORE = 70, MIN_D_SCORE = 60, MIN_POSSIBLE_SCORE = 0; int testScore; // Holds a numeric test score char grade; // Holds a letter grade bool goodScore = true; // Get the numeric score cout << "Enter your numeric test score and I will\n"; cout << "tell you the letter grade you earned: "; cin >> testScore; // Determine the letter grade if (testScore >= MIN_A_SCORE) grade = 'A'; else if (testScore >= MIN_B_SCORE) grade = 'B'; else if (testScore >= MIN_C_SCORE) grade = 'C'; else if (testScore >= MIN_D_SCORE) grade = 'D'; else if (testScore >= MIN_POSSIBLE_SCORE) grade = 'F'; else goodScore = false; // The score was below 0 //Display the letter grade if (goodScore) cout << "Your grade is " << grade << ".\n"; else cout << "The score cannot be below zero. \n"; return 0; }程序输出结果:
Enter your numeric test score and I will
tell you the letter grade you earned: 88
Your grade is B.
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